| Stirring-mediated dielectric and ferroelectric response in perovskite BaTiO3 for multilayer capacitor applications |
| M. Azhar1, Saba Niaz1, K. M. Batoo2, Sidra Khan1, Hadia Noor1, Shahid Atiq1, Y. B. Xu3, Shahzad Naseem1, Saira Riaz1 |
1Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
2College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
3Department of Electronics, University of York, Yorkshire, UK |
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Received: July 25, 2023; Revised: November 15, 2023 Accepted: December 17, 2023. Published online: April 8, 2024. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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Barium titanate (BaTiO3) phase is observed in thin films synthesized via an electroless chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. Solution molarity is varied as 0.1–1.2 M. Temperature of solution is kept at 78 °C under continuous stirring. XRD analyses show formation of tetragonal dominant phase of BaTiO3 along with titania peaks at low molarity values, whereas tetragonal BaTiO3 is observed at higher molarity values. Optical results show maximum transmission (∼80%) for 1.2 M-based annealed thin films. Variation in direct band gap is observed from ∼3.9 to 4.6 eV in case of annealed thin films. High value of dielectric constant (~ 530 at log f = 3) and low value of tangent loss is attained for thin films prepared with 1.2 M. The frequency-dependent dielectric behavior is attained for BaTiO3. Temperature-dependent dielectric study shows effect of grains and grain boundaries. FTIR analyses show the formation of tetragonal barium titanate band. Maximum spontaneous polarization (~ 6 × 10-3 μC/cm2) and remnant polarization (~ 2 × 10-3 μC/cm2) along with maximum efficiency are observed for the sample prepared with 1.2 M solution. It is worth-mentioning here that frequency dependent dielectric constant along with ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3 are observed in the present work making this material potential candidate for multilayer capacitor-based applications. |
| Key words:
Thin films · Perovskite BaTiO3 · Chemical bath deposition · Optical properties · Dielectric properties · Multilayer capacitors |
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