Structure, electrical, and dielectric properties of Ba1−xYxTi(1−x/4)O3 ceramics sintering at low temperature

Gargar, Zineb; Zegzouti, Abdelouahad; Elaatmani, Mohamed; Tachafi ne, Amina; Fasquelle, Didier; Outzourhit, Abdelkader; Daoud, Mohamed; Afqir, Mohamed; Gargar, Zineb; Zegzouti, Abdelouahad; Elaatmani, Mohamed; Tachafi ne, Amina; Fasquelle, Didier; Outzourhit, Abdelkader; Daoud, Mohamed; Afqir, Mohamed

doi:2023.60.1.52

J. Korean Ceram. Soc. > Volume 60(1); 2023 > Article

Original Article

Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society 2023;60(1): 52-61.
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-022-00234-9

Structure, electrical, and dielectric properties of Ba_1−xY_xTi_(1−x/4)O₃ ceramics sintering at low temperature

Zineb Gargar¹

, Abdelouahad Zegzouti¹, Mohamed Elaatmani¹, Amina Tachafi ne², Didier Fasquelle², Abdelkader Outzourhit³, Mohamed Daoud¹, Mohamed Afqir¹

¹Laboratoire des Sciences des Matériaux et Optimisation des Procédés, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
²Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Calais, France
³Laboratory of Materials for Energy and Environment (LaMEE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco

Correspondence

Zineb Gargar ,Email: zineb.gargar@ced.uca.ma

Received: April 3, 2022; Revised: June 28, 2022 Accepted: July 17, 2022. Published online: August 2, 2022.

ABSTRACT

The sintering temperature of BaTiO₃, prepared by solid-state reaction route, is in general considerably above 1250 °C to obtain dense ceramic. In this regard, we investigate the effect of low sintering temperature on the electrical and dielectric properties of lead-free of Ba_1−xY_xTi_(1−x/4)O₃ ( x = 0 and 0.02) ceramics. These structures' tetragonality was identified using powder X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis. BaTiO₃ has a uniform grain size, but the doped sample consists of a different shape and size with homogeneous morphology and dense microstructure, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Through dielectric measurements, the Y-doped BT ceramic has a higher Curie temperature (T_C) and dielectric constant (126 °C and 6999) at 5 kHz, which explains a dense microstructure. Besides, the dielectric loss was less than 10^–1 in the entire temperature range from room temperature to 200 °C. The dielectric constant modeling confirmed the presence of first-order and displacive transitions for both samples, but the diffusive behavior occurred in the undoped sample. Complex impedance and modulus studies have shown the relaxation behavior in Ba_0.98Y_0.02Ti_0.995O₃ to be of Debye type.

Key words: Perovskite · Structural · Y doping · Dielectric properties · Impedance spectroscopy